MICHAL BIRKENFELD

Senior Academic

GIS Virtual Reconstructions of the Temporal and Spatial Relations of Fossil Deposits at Wonderwerk Cave (South Africa)

Michal Birkenfeld, Margaret D. Avery, Liora Kolska Horwitz

Geographic information systems (GIS) are generally used in archaeology to analyze sites where finds were collected using precise plotting methods. In order to assess the suitability of GIS analyses for excavations where georeferenced information on finds are lacking, we have developed a method for reconstructing the site archive by “back-plotting” finds for the Early to Mid-Pleistocene strata at the site of Wonderwerk Cave, for which only relative locational data (square and depth) are available. We used a digital archive comprising the location data for all finds previously excavated from the site (fauna, flora, lithic artifacts, and geological materials), to construct 3D visualizations of the stratigraphy, stratigraphic relations distant from the existing witness sections; create virtual sections at any transect through the site; and examine vertical and horizontal find associations. Our study shows that this is a valid approach that facilitates improved temporal and spatial analyses of excavations lacking precision-plotted data.

Publication language English
Pages 857-876
Volume 32
Issue number 4
Publication status Published - 01.12.2015

Keywords

Early to Mid-Pleistocene
GIS
Virtual reconstruction
Virtual sections

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Archaeology
Archaeology
Access to Document
10.1007/s10437-015-9209-4
Other files and links
Link to publication in Scopus